Dependent personality disorder includes submissiveness, clinging behavior, and fears of separation (APA, 2013), for the most part a combination of traits of neuroticism (anxious, uncertain, pessimistic, and helpless) and maladaptive agreeableness (e.g., gullible, guileless, meek, subservient, and self-effacing). In this regard, personality disorders are “syndromes.” For example, avoidant personality disorder is a pervasive pattern of social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy, and hypersensitivity to negative evaluation (APA, 2013), which is a combination of traits from introversion (e.g., socially withdrawn, passive, and cautious) and neuroticism (e.g., self-consciousness, apprehensiveness, anxiousness, and worrisome). DescriptionĮach of the 10 DSM-5 (and DSM-IV-TR) personality disorders is a constellation of maladaptive personality traits, rather than just one particular personality trait ( Lynam & Widiger, 2001). OSPD and UPD or as they used to be referred to in previous editions - PDNOS (personality disorder not otherwise specified) are often one of the most frequently used diagnoses in clinical practice, suggesting that the current list of 10 is not adequately comprehensive ( Widiger & Trull, 2007). DSM-5 also includes a “wastebasket” diagnosis of other specified personality disorder (OSPD) and unspecified personality disorder (UPD). This diagnosis is used when a clinician believes that a patient has a personality disorder but the traits that constitute this disorder are not well covered by one of the 10 existing diagnoses. This list of 10 though does not fully cover all of the different ways in which a personality can be maladaptive. All 10 of these personality disorders will be included in the next edition of the diagnostic manual, DSM-5. DSM-5 includes 10 personality disorders: antisocial, avoidant, borderline, dependent, histrionic, narcissistic, obsessive-compulsive, paranoid, schizoid, and schizotypal. This manual is used by clinicians, researchers, health insurance companies, and policymakers. The DSM provides a common language and standard criteria for the classification and diagnosis of mental disorders. The authoritative manual for what constitutes a personality disorder is provided by the American Psychiatric Association’s (APA) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), the current version of which is DSM-5 (APA, 2013). When personality traits result in significant distress, social impairment, and/or occupational impairment, they are considered to be a personality disorder (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). Table I: Illustrative traits for both poles across Five-Factor Model personality dimensions. If you can think of some other traits that describe yourself, you should be able to place them somewhere in this table. A number of the traits that you see in this table may describe you. Table I provides illustrative traits for both poles of the five domains of this model of personality. This even applies to traits that you may use to describe yourself. ![]() These five broad domains are inclusive there does not appear to be any traits of personality that lie outside of the Five-Factor Model. All of these traits can be organized into the broad dimensions referred to as the Five-Factor Model ( John, Naumann, & Soto, 2008). There are literally hundreds of different personality traits. Personality traits are integral to each person’s sense of self, as they involve what people value, how they think and feel about things, what they like to do, and, basically, what they are like most every day throughout much of their lives. ![]() There are signs or indicators of these traits in childhood, but they become particularly evident when the person is an adult. Personality traits refer to these characteristic, routine ways of thinking, feeling, and relating to others. Some individuals are consistently anxious, self-conscious, and apprehensive whereas others are routinely relaxed, self-assured, and unconcerned. Some individuals are invariably conscientiousness, dutiful, and efficient whereas others might be characteristically undependable and negligent. Some people are typically introverted, quiet, and withdrawn whereas others are more extraverted, active, and outgoing.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
Details
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |